Knowledge, awareness and dietary practice on urolithiasis among general population in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia: Preliminary findings

  • Siti Noorkhairina Sowtali
    Department of Professional Nursing Studies, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-9707
  • Siti Roshaidai Mohd Ariffin
    Department of Special Care Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
  • Nor Syawanidamia Nazli
    National Heart Institute, 145 Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Nor Azwani Binti Mohd Shukri
    Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
  • Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak
    Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
  • Islah Munjih Ab Rashid
    Department of Surgery, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
  • Suhana Binti Muhamad
    Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
  • Fatin Noraliah Adzali
    Undergraduate Nursing Student, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.

ABSTRACT

Background: To date, no studies have been published at evaluating the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of dietary, particularly regarding to urolithiasis in patients or the general population. This study aims to provide basic information on the level of knowledge, awareness and dietary practice among general population in Kuantan, Pahang.

Design and 
Methods: The respondents (n=30) were conveniently recruited within 10 kilometres radius of Kuantan city. The data were obtained using semi-guided administered questionnaires, which consists of four parts: socio-demographic data, lifestyle and clinical history (Part A); attitude and awareness on dietary practice regarding urolithiasis (Part B); food frequency questionnaire on urolithiasis (Part C) and level of knowledge on urolithiasis (Part D).

Results:
 Majority of the respondents were women (70%), Malay (83.3%), mean age of 33.97 (±9.27), married (63.3%), completed higher education level (60%), working with government sector (33.3%) and have fixed monthly income (53.3%). Some of them had hypertension (n=4), diabetes (n=1), gout (n=1) and intestinal problem (n=1). Majority (80%) claimed having no family history of urolithiasis, consumed alcohol (10%), exercise with average frequency 2-3 times/week (46.7%) and heard about urolithiasis from healthcare worker (46.7%). The respondents’ awareness about urolithiasis is considered to be good [81.23 (±9.98)] but having poor knowledge score [2.70 (±1.149)]. Majority preferred wholemeal bread, white rice, chicken meat, mackerel fish, chicken egg, apple, carrot, mustard leave and fresh milk in daily intake. Lesser plain water intake than standard requirement was noticed among respondents. Seasoning powder was commonly used for seasoning.

Conclusions:
 Generally, the general population of Kuantan, Pahang was aware of urolithiasis disease but needed more information on dietary aspect in terms of knowledge and food choice.

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